**Preface** XIII


X Contents


Contents VII

Chapter 21 **Conjugated Polymers for Organic Solar Cells 453** 

**GaAsN Grown by Chemical Beam Epitaxy Using Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy 489** Boussairi Bouzazi, Hidetoshi Suzuki, Nobuaki Kijima,

Yoshio Ohshita and Masafumi Yamaguchi

**of CdSe Quantum Dots Adsorbed on Nanocrystalline TiO2 Electrode Together with Photovoltaic Properties 475**

Chapter 22 **Optical Absorption and Photocurrent Spectra** 

Qun Ye and Chunyan Chi

Taro Toyoda and Qing Shen

Chapter 23 **Investigation of Lattice Defects in** 

Weihua Tang and Fujun Zhang

Chapter 21 **Conjugated Polymers for Organic Solar Cells 453**  Qun Ye and Chunyan Chi

VI Contents

Chapter 9 **Bioelectrochemical Fixation of Carbon** 

Chapter 11 **Solar to Chemical Conversion Using Metal**

Chapter 13 **Ultrafast Electron and Hole Dynamics in** 

Qing Shen and Taro Toyoda

Chapter 14 **Transparent Conducting Polymer/Nitride** 

Mickael Lozac'h and Masatomo Sumiya

Chapter 17 **Photons as Working Body of Solar Engines 357**

Chapter 10 **Semiconductor** 

Shinji Yae

Ayse Bedeloglu

Chapter 15 **High Efficiency Solar Cells via** 

Chapter 16 **AlSb Compound Semiconductor as** 

V.I. Laptev and H. Khlyap

Chapter 19 **Organic Bulk Heterojunction Solar** 

Chapter 20 **Towards High-Efficiency Organic** 

Chapter 18 **Hybrid Solar Cells Based on Silicon 397** 

AC Varonides

**Dioxide with Electric Energy Generated by Solar Cell 187** 

**Superlattice-Based Intermediate-Band Solar Cells 211**  Michal Mruczkiewicz, Jarosław W. Kłos and Maciej Krawczyk

**Nanoparticle Modified Low-Cost Silicon Photoelectrode 231** 

Doo Hyun Park, Bo Young Jeon and Il Lae Jung

Chapter 12 **Progress in Organic Photovoltaic Fibers Research 255** 

**CdSe Quantum Dot Sensitized Solar Cells 287** 

**Semiconductor Heterojunction Solar Cells 307**  Nobuyuki Matsuki, Yoshitaka Nakano, Yoshihiro Irokawa,

**Tuned Superlattice Structures: Beyond 42.2% 325**

Rabin Dhakal, Yung Huh, David Galipeau and Xingzhong Yan

**Cells Based on Poly(***p***-Phenylene-Vinylene) Derivatives 415**

**Solar Cells: Polymers and Devices Development 433**

**Absorber Layer in Thin Film Solar Cells 341** 

Hossein Movla, Foozieh Sohrabi, Arash Nikniazi, Mohammad Soltanpour and Khadije Khalili

Cigdem Yumusak and Daniel A. M. Egbe

Enwei Zhu, Linyi Bian, Jiefeng Hai, Weihua Tang and Fujun Zhang


Preface

readers.

pleasant presentation.

Photovoltaics covers an extremely wide range of different fields of science and technology that are in a state of continuous development and improvement for decades. Solar cells and models that have been developed to the level of industrial production or prototype samples, as well as the devices of exploratory types are divided into the so-called generations of photovoltaics. Chapters, which concern the problems of the first, second and third generations of solar cells are included in the relevant three books of this edition. Chapters that are general in nature or not related specifically to these generations, some novel scientific ideas and technical solutions, which has not properly approved, new methods of research and testing of solar cells and modules have been collected in the fourth book of the four-volume edition of "Solar cells". General issues of the efficiency of a direct conversion of solar radiation into electrical energy in solar cell and through hydrogen production in photoelectrochemical solar cell are discussed in several chapters of the book. Considerable attention is paid to the quantum-size effects in solar cells both in general and on specific examples of AlGaAs superlattices, CdSe quantum dots, etc. New materials, such as cuprous oxide as an active material for solar cells, AlSb for use as an absorber layer in p-i-n junction solar cells, InGaAsN as a promising material for high efficiency multi-junction tandem solar cells, InP in solar cells with semiconductorinsulator-semiconductor structures are discussed in several chapters. Other chapters are devoted to the analysis of both status and perspective of organic photovoltaics as well as specific issues, such as polymer/fullerene solar cells, poly(p-phenylene-

vinylene) derivatives, photovoltaic textiles, photovoltaic fibers, etc.

It appears that the fourth book of the edition of "Solar Cells" will find many interested

The editor addresses special thanks to the contributors for their initiative and high quality work, and to the technical editors that conveyed the text into a qualitative and

**Professor, Doctor of Sciences, Leonid A. Kosyachenko** 

National University of Chernivtsi

Ukraine
