**2. AgNP synthesis methods**

Various techniques are utilized in the production of silver nanoparticles, encompassing physical, chemical, and biological methods. It is noteworthy that every approach possesses its own set of merits and demerits. In the process of biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles, the biological entity functions as a capping, reducing, or stabilizing agent, thereby facilitating the reduction of Ag+ to Ag0 [22]. In recent years, there has been a surge in the popularity of biological methods that rely on natural products derived from microorganisms and plants. This can be attributed to their low cost, high yields, and minimal toxicity to both the environment and human health [23]. The subsequent sections outline various techniques employed in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles.
