**Abstract**

Multiphase microfluidics enables the high-throughput manipulation of droplets for multitude of applications, from the confined fabrication of nano- and microobjects to the parallelization of chemical reactions of biomedical or biological interest. While the standard methods to follow droplets on a chip are represented by a visual observation through either optical or fluorescence microscopy, the conjunction of microfluidic platforms with miniaturized transduction mechanisms opens new ways towards the real-time and individual tracking of each independent reactor. Here we provide an overview of the most recent droplet sensing techniques, with a special focus on those based on electrical signals for an optics-less analysis.

**Keywords:** droplet microfluidics, lab-on-a-chip, nanosensors, biosensors, field-effect transistors
