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**19** 

*1,2Croatia 3Italy* 

**The Influence of Individual Genome Sensitivity** 

**in DNA Damage Repair Assessment in** 

Mirta Milić1, Ružica Rozgaj1, Vilena Kašuba1, Ana Marija Jazbec2,

*1Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Mutagenesis Unit, Zagreb* 

During their working and living activities, humans are constantly exposed to different environmental genotoxic agents. Biological consequences of the exposure are accumulation of different mutations and DNA damage that can lead to disruption of genetic material. Numerous endogenous genotoxic agents can also cause DNA damage. Loss of normal cell function can cause cell death or can result in different health disorders, including teratogenic and cancerogenic effects (Jeggo & Lavin, 2009). There is an increasing concern about mutagenic and cancerogenic effects of genotoxic agents and their influence on individuals who are exposed to them by accident, or by living/working lifestyle (Au, 1991;

Exposure to ionising radiation, as a well known genotoxic agents (Balasem & Ali, 1991; Erexon et al., 1991; Fenech et al., 1990; He et al., 2000; Jeggo & Lavin, 2009), can leed to different DNA damage, such as oxidative damage, base and sugar modification in DNA, apurinic/apirimidinic places, single/double strand chromosomal breaks, adduct creation, inter/intra DNA cross linking and other types of damage (Hall & Giaccia, 2006). Numerous studies deal with ionising radiation exposure of individuals who are chronically professionally exposed to low doses (Andreassi, 2009; Au, 1991; Carrano & Natarajan, 1988; Kassie et al., 2000). The results showed the increase in chromosomal damage during chronically low dose exposure (Barquinero et al., 1993; Boutcher, 1985; Cardoso et al., 2001; Jha, 1991; Nowak & Jankowski, 1991), but without confirmed relationship between the received dose and the intensity of DNA damage (Bolus, 2001; Coates et al., 2004; Morgan, 2003; Mothersill et al., 2000, 2001; Seymour & Mothersill, 2000). The influence of chronically low dose exposure has been considered mutagenic and cancerogenic (Fachini et al., 2009). Although it is possible to estimate the influence of absorbed dose and the effect on the

**1. Introduction** 

Carrano & Natarajan, 1988; Kassie et al., 2000).

**Chronic Professional Exposure to** 

**Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation** 

*3Department of Pharmacology,University of Bologna, Bologna,* 

Patrizia Hrelia3 and Sabrina Angelini<sup>3</sup>

*2Faculty of Forestry, University of Zagreb, Zagreb,* 

