**2. Conclusion**

MBP has no apparent benefit in reducing SSI when used alone. Current evidence suggests that SSI reduction occurs better when MBP is combined with POA. There is a possibility that the observed decrease in SSI might be due to the use of POA alone rather than the combination of MBP with POA. Emerging research on the microbiome will guide more specific bowel preparation regimens for the individual case. To date, the combination of preoperative MBP plus POA in elective colorectal surgery is recommended.
