**1. Introduction**

The term "artificial intelligence" (AI) was proposed by John McCarthy in 1956 [1]. It refers to computer capabilities that resemble human intelligence. It is a broad concept, involving both virtual (computing) and physical (robotics) elements [2], and this chapter is going to focus on the virtual aspects.

The term "AI" has been mistakenly used to refer to automated digital systems or probabilistic algorithms. It implies the ability to learn, for example, to perform tasks that have not been specifically programmed. An AI can analyze data and make decisions much like a person [3].

It is thought that AI could help change the mechanistic model of current medicine. Health being the result of a complex system based on multiple nonlinear interactions, it could help to better understand its functioning [4].

Nowadays, AI is deeply established in today's society. They are used in personal assistants (Alexa, Siri), music platforms to display recommendations (Spotify), or

graphical applications (FaceApp). Although there are promising results, the application of AI in musculoskeletal medicine is just starting its way [5]. However, it is likely that AI will be part of our routine clinical practice in a few years.
