**12. Graphical representation simulation modified endemic index of the development trend of artificial intelligence by specialized medical areas**

With this graphical representation, the behavior of the areas of development of artificial intelligence in medicine by medical specialty can be established, and the future behavior of each area can be monitored and, why not, predicted.

The results were organized in a traffic light fashion, with green being the most trending AI development behavior, yellow the second most trending development behavior and red the least trending.

In the green-colored success zone, the artificial intelligence area of Machine learning or Machine Learning is identified, it is the most developed area in medicine and health. This is because it was the first to be developed and put into practice, additionally because it has a lot of theoretical information. After all, it has been widely used in the financial and business area for predictions and analysis of economic behavior, financial profitability, and others. Nowadays it is used in the area of medical sciences and health.

Therefore, in this area of artificial intelligence, it is where great decisions have been made in the economic area and also in the health area, due to the large number of applications developed.

The majority of scientific publications in the area of artificial intelligence were found in this area of success, and the language in which most of them were published was English.

In the security zone, marked in yellow, Computer Vision is identified. This area was the second zone in which artificial intelligence applications were developed, focused on diagnostic methods with large-scale optics and in the English language.

In the red alarm zone, deep learning and expert systems were identified, where applications of neural networks were found, these being the most complex to develop, requiring a lot of expertise and focused on the central nervous system; however, expert systems are also complex, given the rule-based systems in which they are

structured, they can be a good area of application that could be focused on molecular biology and DNA sequencing.

Finally, in this area, the smallest number of artificial intelligence applications were developed, since it is the least explored due to its degree of complexity, also in English (**Figure 3**).

In the three zones of the traffic-light simulation, developed countries were involved, with a notorious difference in participation compared to developing countries.

Investments in education focused on technological areas have allowed for significant progress in the different academic and research sectors.

The advantage that developed countries have over developing countries is related to budget allocations and investments in the education and technological innovation area.

Therefore, they are the pioneers in presenting the different advances in areas related to information systems, research, health, economics, pedagogical and educational strategies, robotics, and other areas (**Figure 4**).

The following graph shows the development trend of artificial intelligence by area and medical specialty. The most developed area of artificial intelligence was machine learning, being located in the zone of success since it was applied in several medical specialties; to name, including medical education, and specialized surgeries such as ophthalmology, general surgery, and pediatrics. However, much progress has been

#### **Figure 3.**

*Simulation graphical representation modified endemic index of areas of development of artificial intelligence applications according to trend.*

**Figure 4.** *The trend of artificial intelligence in developed countries VS developing countries.*

made in diagnostic areas through the use of advanced and large-scale optics in oncology (**Figure 5**).

During the review of the content of each of the articles, located in the three simulated areas of the endemic channel, it was found that, in each of the medical specialties, where the different areas of artificial intelligence were developed and strategically applied, clinical decisions were made that allowed timely intervention in real-time, according to the needs required in each of them (**Figure 6**).

In all these areas, decisions were made after applying each of these in the different areas of medicine and health. It allowed for generating an impact in the intervention of chronic and transmissible diseases and treatments for each one of them.
