Meet the editor

Dr. Amit Agrawal completed his neurosurgery training at the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India, in 2003. He is a self-motivated, enthusiastic, and results-oriented professional with more than 18 years of rich experience in research and development as well as teaching and mentoring in the field of neurosurgery. He is proficient in managing and leading teams to run successful process operations

and has experience in developing procedures and service standards of excellence. Dr. Agrawal has attended and participated in many international and national symposiums and conferences and delivered lectures on vivid topics. He has published more than 750 articles in national and international journals. His expertise is in identifying training needs, designing training modules, and executing the same while working with limited resources. He has excellent communication, presentation, and interpersonal skills with proven abilities in teaching and training for various academic and professional courses. Presently, Dr. Agrawal is working at the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

## Contents


Preface

**Amit Agrawal**

Bhopal, India

Department of Neurosurgery,

All India Institute of Medical Sciences,

Stroke is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally and its incidence is on the rise. It is increasingly recognized that an understanding of various clinical presentations among clinicians and other stakeholders is extremely important to achieve better outcomes in stroke patients. Apart from the obvious clinical deficits, the subtle signs and clinical symptoms of stroke, including acute dizziness and vertigo, may provide a clue about ischemic events involving the brain. Because of the subtlety of stroke's clinical presentation, it is challenging to diagnose in clinics as well as in emergency departments. This book provides a practical approach and a summary of recommendations for the management of stroke patients. A detailed history and clinical examinations are the mainstays of stroke diagnosis followed by a CT scan, which is the initial investigation of choice in most settings. CT can be followed by MRI, particularly diffusion-weighted (DWI) sequences and other investigations, to assess the cerebral cranial vasculature and formulate a management strategy. Overall, the diagnosis and management of stroke require multimodal strategies and a multidisciplinary approach to make the diagnosis and deliver optimal treatment, which will include medical as well as surgical management in select cases. The book helps to understand and explore current advances, including the identification of the molecular characteristics that determine the malignant phenotype that may further help to develop effective management strategies, including immunotherapy. There is a scope for future research where global leaders can come together to develop affordable, sustainable, and uniformly available options to prevent as well as manage stroke.
