*2.4.1 Personalization and recall*

Studies on personalization and academic achievement show that during personalized learning, students exhibit better achievements over time [31, 32]. Miller and Kulhavy [33] hypothesized that personalization improves memory by increasing the associative strength of the personalized material and students' existing schemata. They found that integrating personalized representations during encoding led to significantly greater recall. The meaningfulness of a task may increase when its context is personalized, thereby enabling pupils to mentally place themselves in the situation. Personalization may not only build stronger associations related to the task, but in doing so it may ease the cognitive demands of the problem-solving process [34].
