**Abstract**

Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) has played a vital role in equipping individuals with the necessary skills and knowledge for employability and socio-economic development. In the twenty-first century, it has become imperative for TVET institutions to evolve and adapt to the rapidly changing global landscape, focusing on innovative teaching and competency indicators. TVET in the twenty-first century must embrace innovative teaching approaches and focus on developing the necessary competencies to meet the demands of a rapidly changing world. By incorporating problem-based learning, blended learning, flipped classrooms, and workintegrated learning, TVET institutions can create an engaging and effective learning environment. Furthermore, by emphasizing green skills, digital literacy, entrepreneurship and innovation, and soft skills development, TVET can better prepare students for success in the global workforce. By incorporating the latest teaching practices and aligning them with industry needs, TVET institutions can ensure graduates are wellprepared to succeed in the workforce. This chapter delves into the innovative teaching approaches and the competency indicators that are shaping TVET in the twenty-first century. This chapter also offers recommendations for improving TVET programs.

**Keywords:** technical and vocational education and training (TVET), 21st century skills, green skills, competency indicators, innovative approaches
