**15. Gap for the future research**

Future research should explore the long-term impact of implemented policies on gender equity in Malakand Division's STEM education. Investigating the effectiveness of inclusive curricula, mentorship programs, and workplace policies is crucial. Additionally, understanding the evolving role of community engagement and cultural factors in shaping STEM participation can inform targeted interventions. Longitudinal studies assessing the career trajectories of individuals benefiting from these policies can provide insights into sustained gender equity. Exploring the scalability and adaptability of these strategies in diverse contexts will guide the development of tailored policies for fostering inclusive STEM education in similar regions.
