**13. Conclusion**

The study reveals a collective call for progressive teaching strategies to dismantle barriers, challenge stereotypes, and foster inclusivity, emphasizing the need for a holistic and collaborative approach. The findings underscore the critical importance of inclusivity in STEM education, with a focus on bridging gender gaps and providing equal opportunities for all. Respondents advocate for the creation of inclusive learning environments that empower individuals, irrespective of gender, aligning with empirical evidence supporting the positive outcomes of such approaches. Addressing societal expectations and stereotypes emerges as a key theme, emphasizing the necessity of overcoming these barriers to promote gender equity in STEM. The commitment to challenging stereotypes and fostering an environment where individuals have the freedom to pursue their interests aligns with research highlighting the impact of societal expectations on career choices. The lack of representation of women in STEM leadership positions is identified as a significant concern, prompting a call for more female role models and mentors. This aligns with empirical evidence highlighting the underrepresentation of women in STEM leadership roles and the positive impact of visible role models on inspiring the next generation [38]. Innovative pedagogies and inclusive learning environments are recognized as transformative elements in STEM education. The integration of technology, active learning methodologies, and a commitment to inclusivity are deemed essential for empowering students and preparing them for the future, consistent with research supporting the positive outcomes of such approaches. Policy interventions are highlighted

*Bridging the Gap: Progressive Teaching Strategies for Gender Equity in STEM Education DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.114860*

as crucial for achieving gender equity in STEM, with a focus on targeted recruitment and retention policies, mentorship programs, gender-inclusive curricula, and supportive workplace policies. This aligns with empirical evidence demonstrating the effectiveness of policy interventions in addressing gender disparities in STEM fields [42].

Local challenges in Malakand Division, including socio-cultural norms and resource limitations, are acknowledged, but the study identifies community engagement and robust educational policies as opportunities to overcome these hurdles. This resonates with research emphasizing the importance of collaborative efforts and community engagement in addressing challenges to gender equity in STEM [47, 48]. Cultural factors are recognized as significant influencers of STEM participation, with expectations, perceptions of intelligence, and familial pressures shaping individuals' choices. Overcoming these cultural barriers is identified as crucial for fostering a more diverse and equitable engagement in STEM fields. Community engagement and stakeholder collaboration emerge as vital elements in promoting gender equity in STEM education. Involving parents, establishing mentorship programs, fostering industry partnerships, and supporting community-led STEM initiatives are seen as integral to creating a supportive and empowering environment, although effective strategies are suggested for a successful outcome.
