**6. Water management**

A greater yield is a product of adequate irrigation since it keeps water circulating to the plant's roots and dilutes the vital micro and macronutrients that support healthy plant growth [44]. Salts accumulate in the root zone as a result of insufficient watering, and the plants have little access to nutrients [45]. In contrast, excessive irrigation raises the water table, which pushes salts higher and prevents plants from performing their physiological activities properly since there is insufficient carbon dioxide available to the root zone [46]. The crop's health, the weather, and the sowing technique should all be taken into consideration while scheduling irrigation [47]. A flat-sown crop receives its initial watering 35–40 days after planting, and following irrigations are spaced 12–15 days Apart [48].

By the first 10 days of October, the final irrigation for this type of seeding should have been given [49]. To ensure adequate germination when using the bed planting

method, the initial watering should be administered 3–4 days after sowing [50]. Depending on the crop condition and variety, the second and third irrigations should be applied weekly, and the remaining irrigations should be applied every 15 days [51]. To prevent excessive vegetative growth during the wet season, irrigation should be done judiciously [52]. The bed planting method's irrigation termination date is October 15 to allow for the timely sowing of the wheat crop [53].
