**3.4 Potential benefits and drawbacks of corn-based biofuels**

Corn-based biofuels are an increasingly popular alternative to fossil fuels since there are numerous potential benefits associated with the production and use of corn-based biofuels, there are also several drawbacks that must be considered. One of the main benefits of corn-based biofuels is that they can be produced domestically, reducing dependence on foreign oil [44]. Additionally, the production of biofuels creates jobs and provides new revenue streams for farmers [45]. Furthermore, biofuels have the potential to reduce GHG emissions, which can help to mitigate the impacts of climate change [46].

Despite the significant prospects, there are several drawbacks associated with its production and use. One major drawback is that they are often criticized for being less energy efficient than fossil fuels, requiring more energy to produce than they provide in return. This is due to the energy-intensive nature of the production process, which includes planting, harvesting, and processing the corn into biofuel [47]. Also, they compete with food production for land and resources, which can drive up food prices and contribute to food insecurity in developing countries [48]. Furthermore, the expansion of corn biofuel production has been linked to the destruction of natural habitats, such as forests and wetlands, which can have negative impacts on biodiversity [49]. As with any alternative energy source, it is important to carefully weigh the potential benefits and drawbacks before investing in and promoting corn-based biofuel production.
