**8. Conclusions**

The examples presented outline the importance of embracing circular economy principles within the essential oil agroindustry to mitigate environmental problems and enhance sustainability. The substantial amounts of residual biomass generated during essential oil production can be transformed into valuable resources through innovative approaches and advanced technologies. The circular economy approach offers a solution to the environmental challenges posed by residual biomass from essential oil production. Advanced extraction techniques play an important role in recovering bioactive compounds from residual biomass. These compounds, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, have diverse applications in industries such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food. Hydrosols, byproducts of essential oil distillation, have emerged as valuable coproducts because their insecticidal, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties make them versatile assets in various sectors. Circular economy principles extend to the utilization of residual biomass for producing biochar and compost. These products have applications in soil conditioning, agriculture, and energy generation, contributing to waste reduction and resource efficiency.

In conclusion, the integration of circular economy principles in the essential oil agroindustry holds immense potential to alleviate environmental concerns and contribute to sustainable development. By extracting maximum value from residual biomass, the industry can create a more environmentally friendly and economically

viable production process. Through innovative techniques, collaboration across sectors, and ongoing research, the vision of circular and sustainable essential oil agroindustry can become a reality.
