**3.1 Sources of phosphorus input**

Water pollution refers to the contamination of lakes, rivers, oceans, and underground waters by chemical and microbial waste products. When harmful substances are directly or indirectly discharged into water sources, and if these substances limit the widespread use of water, the water is considered polluted. The effects of water pollution are felt by plants and living organisms that inhabit these waters. In many cases, the effects of pollution destroy natural biological groups as well as individual and collective species [23].

Non-point pollution can cause physical damage to waterways by increasing sedimentation. This occurs when erosion deposits fine soil particles in the water, making it murky. The extent of sediment accumulation is influenced by factors such as the speed of the flow, shear stress, and soil grain stability. The type and quantity of sediment that originates from agricultural areas differ from that of forested areas [24]. The consequences of rising sediment levels are serious, including:

