**3.3 In-depth understanding of empathy in atypically developing individuals**

Currently, many researchers are focusing on atypical developmental individuals with autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and schizophrenia spectrum disorders and how their empathic abilities differ from those of typically developing individuals. They aim to identify the brain regions that are specifically involved in emotional or cognitive empathy and how this knowledge can help them understand the symptoms and etiology of these disorders, thereby providing better support for individuals with atypical development. Therefore, this direction is likely to remain an important element of empathy research in the future.
