**4.8 Food industry level**

The goal at the food industry level is to encourage food makers and retailers to produce, distribute, and promote nutritious food. These interventions include communications to food sector players such as manufacturers, retailers, and food companies [29].

One strategy for SBCC interventions in the food business is to communicate messages that inspire positive changes in food production and promotion practices. To raise knowledge about the need of balanced nutrition and its impact on stunting, communication initiatives might be established. These messages should include enhancing food product nutritional quality, reducing salt, sugar, and saturated fat, and increasing the availability and marketing of healthy foods, particularly for youngsters.

Food sector intervention could also entail the development of nutritional guidelines or standards for food goods produced and marketed in Indonesia. Working with health authorities and regulatory bodies to promote policies that support the adoption of better dietary guidelines is a part of this. SBCC interventions at this level could focus on the role of responsible advertising and promoting healthy food as a better choice in terms of promotion and marketing.

Furthermore, SBCC engagement in the food business might drive product innovation and the development of nutrient-rich functional meals. Effective communication can be utilized to raise the food industry's awareness of children's nutritional needs and encourage collaborative efforts to create better, stunting-prevention products. Because it can alter the availability and accessibility of healthy food in the market, SBCC involvement at the food industry level is a crucial step in attempts to combat stunting. It is thought that through modifying the food industry's behavior and methods, it will be possible to establish a food environment that is more supportive of child development and avoid stunting in Indonesia.

#### **4.9 Technology and innovation level**

At the level of innovation and technology, it entails using technology and innovation as a tool to communicate messages about health and behavior change to the general public. It seeks to promote comprehension, awareness, and good choice making [30].

SBCC interventions at the level of innovation and technology may involve employing mobile applications, text messages, digital platforms, or social media to deliver health information and education to parents or caregivers of children in the context of tackling stunting. Technology can also be utilized to provide reminders and assistance in the adoption of appropriate nutrition practices and the avoidance of stunting. Parents, for example, can receive nutrition, parenting, and good eating practices information via a mobile app.

This program can also serve as a reminder for feeding schedules and trips to medical institutions, as well as practical advice on appropriate food choices. As a result, technology can facilitate access to important information and encourage positive behavior change [31].

Furthermore, digital platforms like social media can be used to disseminate campaigns and information about healthy nutrition and stunting prevention. These messages can reach a wider audience through interesting and simple material, particularly among the younger population and young mothers who use social media. Online conversations, forums, or virtual support groups can also be developed to enable the exchange of information and experiences among parents or families who are worried about child nutrition or have stunting concerns.

SBCC interventions that are innovative and technological in nature have the ability to reach a larger audience and provide better accessibility to the community. However, it is critical to address the digital gap that may exist in specific areas or among certain categories of people. In this scenario, initiatives must be taken to guarantee that all sectors of society have access to and successfully utilize technology in order to combat stunting.

#### **4.10 Finance and donor level**

SBCC's interventions at the funding and donor levels aim to mobilize the support and resources needed to tackle stunting [32]. At this level, strategic communication and advocacy is used to engage financial institutions and donors in understanding

#### *Social and Behavior Change Communication Framework DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.112744*

stunting issues, the importance of preventive action, and the urgent need to address the problem of malnutrition among children in Indonesia.

SBCC interventions at the financial and donor levels entail delivering compelling messages and persuading them to participate in existing nutrition programs or offer more cash for stunting initiatives. These messages contain information regarding the long-term effects of stunting on child growth and development, as well as the consequences for human resource quality and overall country development [33].

Furthermore, interventions at the financing and donor levels include effective communication to stakeholders such as international financial institutions, donor organizations, and appropriate government agencies about nutrition issues. This is intended to motivate them to invest resources and take measures compatible with the goals of dealing with stunting.

SBCC interventions at the financing and donor levels also include advocacy, whether through meetings, presentations, or continuing discussion. The goal of this lobbying is to influence policies and budget allocations at the national and international levels so that stunting is prioritized and adequately funded.

To achieve the goals of SBCC interventions at the funding and donor levels, it is critical to collect robust data and evidence about the positive impact of nutrition interventions on society, as well as to provide regular reports and evaluations on the use of funds and the outcomes of the programs implemented. This will boost donor and financial institution trust and involvement in efforts to combat stunting in Indonesia.

#### **4.11 Political and system level**

SBCC interventions at the political and system levels are aimed at modifying policies, regulations, and service delivery mechanisms to support stunting prevention. At this level, the SBCC can lobby policymakers to boost stunting handling priorities and expenditures, develop regulatory frameworks for nutrition and child care, and ensure collaboration between agencies and associated sectors [34]. The goal is to establish an enabling environment in society for behavior change and sustainable practices. Some approaches that can be employed in SBCC interventions are as follows:


To achieve the goals outlined, the SBCC stunting strategy must be implemented through a staged method based on the SBCC model and planning principles [35]. This method is founded on evidence and a vision for a participative and long-term effort that incorporates all parties involved in dealing with stunting [36]. The steps that can be taken can be seen in **Table 1** below:


**Table 1.** *SBCC model and planning principles.* *Social and Behavior Change Communication Framework DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.112744*
