**7. Conclusion**

In conclusion, this study has demonstrated the significant promise of fluidized bed gasification technology in converting biomass wastes into viable energy sources for distributed heat and power production, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation efforts. By effectively harnessing waste materials, this technology offers a compelling means of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

However, the widespread adoption of fluidized bed gasification necessitates the resolution of various challenges related to technology, supply chains, and policies. The optimization of the gasification process, targeting enhanced system performance, gas yield, and quality, emerges as a primary technical challenge. Additionally, managing the heterogeneity of feedstock compositions and developing efficient approaches for treating byproducts like tar and particulates pose substantial technical and economic obstacles.

Nonetheless, the overall conversion of biomass waste into energy through fluidized bed gasification presents a promising avenue for climate change mitigation, sustainable energy provision, and the promotion of circular economy principles. To fully capitalize on the benefits of this technology, it is imperative to establish well-defined policies. These policies should be designed to promote renewable energy sources and facilitate the widespread adoption of fluidized bed gasification technology.

By effectively optimizing the implementation of fluidized bed gasification in biomass-to-heat and energy conversion pathways, significant contributions can be made towards sustainable energy provision and addressing the pressing issue of climate change. Future research and development efforts should continue to focus on

*Opportunities and Challenges of Harnessing Biomass Wastes for Decentralized Heat… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.112533*

overcoming technical challenges, refining supply chains, and formulating comprehensive policies to unlock the full potential of fluidized bed gasification in biomass waste utilization.
