**11. Limitations of AI in supporting special needs learners**

### **11.1 Ethical concerns**

Integration of AI requires careful consideration of ethical aspects regarding data privacy, consent, and ownership. Special needs learners may have reduced decisionmaking capacity, necessitating the development of clear guidelines and ethical frameworks to protect their rights and interests [33].

### **11.2 Bias and lack of human empathy**

AI systems may inherit biases present in the training data, potentially leading to discriminatory outcomes for special needs learners. Moreover, AI lacks human empathy, which is crucial in understanding and responding to the emotional needs of special education students [34].

### **11.3 Technical limitations**

AI technologies may still face limitations in accurately understanding and responding to the intricacies of special needs learners' requirements. Complex nuances in communication, emotional expressions, and individual learning styles may pose challenges for AI systems, undermining their effectiveness in providing targeted support [35].

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in supporting special needs learners offers immense benefits, including personalized learning experiences, cognitive skills development, improved social skills, and enhanced inclusivity. However, limitations such as ethical concerns, biases, and lack of human empathy must be addressed to ensure responsible and empathetic use of AI in special education contexts. Striking a balance between leveraging AI's potential and respecting diverse abilities is crucial to maximize the positive impact on special needs learners' educational experiences.
