**1. Introduction**

A digital twin is an imitation of a physical entity that enables cost effective stimulation. It assists organizations to identity optimization opportunities and improves operational performance. By stating it a replica does not mean that it's simply an object, to be more specific digital twin is a process which is entwined with today's leading technologies like AI (Artificial Intelligence), IoT (Internet of Things), XR (extended reality) and Cloud. It follows a bi-directional approach i.e. the flow of information is from both the digital entity and physical entity [1].

Digital twin is broadly classified in three types i.e. DT Prototype (DTP), Digital Twin Instance (DTI), Digital Twin Aggregation (DTA). DTA is simply the prototype of the physical asset which is to be created. It consists of designing, processing and analyzing physical entity. (DTI) is the digital twin of each instance of the

manufactured product and is used to run tests under different scenarios. Meanwhile DTA as the name suggests is the aggregation of DTIs to determine product capabilities, prognostics and learning [1]. Azad M. Madni et al. in his study classified digital twins in four levels i.e. Pre-Digital Twin, Digital Twin, Adaptive Digital Twin and Intelligent Digital Twin. These four levels were classified based on the level of sophistication and scope [2].

### **1.1 Digital twins and AI**

Both digital twin and AI are mutually beneficial for each other. AI can help digital twin to make more informed decisions in order to make improvement across various operations for e.g. design process can be accelerated by quickly evaluating many possible design patterns. On the other hand, digital twin generates stimulated data that can be used to train AI models. As of today, most of the advanced reinforcement learning is happening in the gaming sector. Implementing digital twin assists ML test scenarios by creating a virtual environment for e.g. in reinforcement learning, it is feasible to create multiple scenarios or perform multiple tests which would be impossible in physical environment [3]. In terms of industrial benefit, digital twin along with AI can help organizations to improve speed, quality as well as efficiency of working operations. Digital Twins is a proficient element to unlatch advanced forms of Artificial Intelligence.
