**1.2 Digital twin nowadays**

In a survey conducted by Gartner during covid-19 pandemic, 31% of the respondents mentioned that they are leveraging digital twin technology to ensure safety of customers and employees by enabling remote asset monitoring to minimize in-person monitoring [4, 5]. For the same, as illustrated in **Figure 1**, 47% (i.e. 28% and 19%) of the organizations focus to increase their priority in IoT implementations in spite of the problematic effects of covid-19 [4]. Whereas, 35% of the organizations reduced their IoT investment as an impact of Covid-19. This leads to the fact that majority of the organizations seek to invest more in IoT for cost reduction. With IoT being implemented Garter predicted that the one-third of medium to large size organizations will carry out at least one DT by the end of 2023.

Digital twins are changing the way of work across different industries. It encourages cost effective model driven decisions by considering every possible scenario instead of relying on direct implementation of real world stimulations. It allows

**Figure 1.** *Covid-19 impact on IoT implementation [4].*

predicting scenarios, testing before manufacturing, foreseeing maintenance failures and many other benefits such as-

