**Abstract**

*Chlamydia trachomatis* is the most common cause of sexually transmitted genital infections. Females are at high risk of cervix infections, and a significant proportion may also have urethral infections. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) can develop as a result of *C. trachomatis* ascending to the upper reproductive tract. *C. trachomatis* is an obligate intracellular bacterium that infects the genital tract and may cause chronic inflammation, damage to epithelial tissues, and pelvic inflammation. It has also been clinically associated with cervical atypia and metaplasia. *C. trachomatis* is the most prevalent sexually transmitted pathogen, and it can cause infertility if left undetected and untreated. Infertile women may be more susceptible to chlamydial infections due to their longer periods of active sexual life. Several diagnostic techniques are available to diagnose chlamydia, including DNA amplification testing (NAAT), culture, antigen detection, and genetic probes; microscopy is not useful for this purpose Chlamydia is treated with empiric therapy, which includes tetracyclines, macrolides, and some fluoroquinolones.

**Keywords:** chlamydial infection, gynecology, chlamydia trachomatis, chlamydial infections diagnosis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
