**Abstract**

This chapter describes the challenges of environmental noise policies and governance, noise emissions, noise transmission modeling, and those of health and economic risk assessment in developing countries. It bases on an analysis of current legislation regarding noise pollution in major developing countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Although legislators are engaged in promulgating laws and regulations explicit procedures for noise measurement, noise mapping, development of a healthy and comfortable soundscape, and the implementation and enforcement of legislation are rarely developed. A strategic framework approach is needed to overcome these challenges and enable countries to achieve sustainable environmental noise management. Guidelines are provided to resolve these tasks to better protect the population of urban areas against the health end economic impacts of environmental noise.

**Keywords:** guiding principles, noise policies, governance, information challenges, health and economic risk assessments
