**3. Challenges in developing countries and guidelines for overcoming them**

Challenges with respect to ENM exist in the fields of [13, 15–17, 21–24].


The following procedures to help governmental authorities in collaboration with other stakeholders to overcome these types of challenges are specified in Sections 3.1–3.6 [17, 20]:

	- Appropriate policies on environmental noise.

◦ Relevant legislative and regulatory requirements.

◦ Important sources of environmental noise caused by human activities.

• Set:

	- Policies, strategies, laws, and regulations on environmental noise.
	- A structure and programmes to implement policies and achieve objectives and targets.
	- The modeling of environmental noise.
	- The estimation of effects on human health (and animals).
	- Urban planning, corrective action, and the prevention of adverse effects.

In addition, the barriers stated above can be overcome by:

	- Ministerial support in developing countries for a rational ENM.
	- Support from international agencies, especially regarding technical and financial means needed.
