**3.2 Scramjet propulsion**

A scramjet is a type of air-breathing propulsion system that is similar to a ramjet but operates at hypersonic speeds, typically above Mach 5. Unlike a ramjet, a scramjet uses shockwaves generated by the incoming air to compress and mix the air with fuel, allowing it to operate at much higher speeds than a ramjet. The thrust of a scramjet is given by the same formula as a ramjet.

Scramjets are well suited for high-speed flight and space applications, as they can provide high performance at hypersonic speeds with a relatively simple design.

However, the development of scramjet technology is challenging, as it requires a deep understanding of high-speed aerodynamics and the ability to control and stabilize supersonic combustion [3].
