**11. Inactivated vaccine candidate, BBIBP-CorV Sinopharm**

Inactivated vaccine development is a well-established platform that is widely adopted for the prevention and control of the virus transmission such as influenza virus and poliovirus. This platform uses the whole organism but inactivated through chemical or physical methods. In this phase 1/2 trial, the BBIBP-CorV inactivated vaccine, given as a two-dose immunization, was safe and well tolerated. The BBIBP-CorV vaccine has the ability to induce humoral immune response in all vaccinated individuals. In preclinical studies, it was observed that the cBBIBP-CorV able to elicit sufficient neutralizing antibody titers in animal model, which have the capacity to protect against SARS-CoV-2 [55]. The generated antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 by the immunization of BBIBP-CorV reached the peak on day 42. The neutralizing antibodies stimulated by BBIBP-CorV have a pangenotypic effect and can prevent multiple SARS-CoV-2 strains infection. These data reveal the BBIBP-CorV has the potential to give cross-protection against different SARS-CoV-2 strains [56].
