Meet the editors

Dr. Dimitrios D. Nikolopoulos is a graduate of Athens University Medical School. He specialized in Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology in one of the best clinics in Greece, the Orthopaedic Clinic of the General Hospital "ASKLEPEION" Voulas, where he focused on sports injuries and foot pathology. He continued with a specialization in the pathology of hands in the Microsurgery Clinic of "KAT" Hospital. He proceeded to train

alongside Dr. Alexis Nogier at the Clinic Maussins-Nollet in Paris with Arthroscopic Restoration of Hip Pathology and has continued his training in arthroscopic rehabilitation of Sports Injuries of Knee, Shoulder and Ankle, as well as the treatment and surgical correction of foot disorders. He has published 42 original scientific articles in prestigious scientific journals in the USA, Europe and Greece referring to knee surgery (valgus knee) and shoulder (arthroscopic and minimally invasive new techniques), osteoporotic spine and hip fractures, research in vitro environment on bone and cartilage metabolism. He counts over 220 citations in research projects. He has also presented over 180 oral and poster presentations internationally within the last decade namely on sports injury of knee, shoulder, ankle joints and arthritis of the knee and hip. He is a Doctor of the University of Athens and a member of the Greek Traumatology and Orthopaedic Society, the Greek Arthroscopy Society, the European Arthroscopy Association ESSKA and ESSKA\_AFAS, as well as other internationally accredited associations.

Dr. George K. Safos (MD) specializes in orthopaedic surgery and traumatology with an interest in sports medicine (knee, hip, ankle, elbow, and shoulder arthroscopic surgery) as well as total hip and knee replacement surgery. As a well-published doctor, he now serves as a medical orthopaedic consultant and the primary doctor to various athletic teams, dance groups as well as foreign diplomatic missions. He is a graduate of Athens

University Medical School and completed his residency in Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology at the General Hospital of Asklepeion Voulas. He then completed two fellowships in the USA, namely at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland as well as at The University of Miami-Orthopaedic Department. A post-graduate degree in Tissue Banking at The National University of Singapore with a United Nations scholarship soon followed.

## Contents



Preface

Foot and ankle pathology and disorders have been augmented in the last two decades due to the way of life of the current human beings. On the one hand, the trauma categories are because of motorbike and car accidents; and on the other hand, the chronic syndromes are due to everyday overuse of foot and ankle, as in high-demand sports and hobbies. This book offers an updated guide to foot and ankle pathology, and presents everyday trauma categories, as also chondral and joint chronic syndromes at different ages, which will allow the reader to analyze and understand how

This book offers an updated guide to the foot and ankle and presents the most common pathology, the conservative therapies and the open or arthroscopic techniques performed worldwide. It provides a general overview of the anatomy, biomechanics, diagnosis, surgical approaches, treatment alternatives, and complications in connection with sports medicine and adult foot and ankle problems, gathering in-depth information on frequent pathologies in a single source. The text is concise and informative, providing a general overview of each disorder, identifying key points for correct diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and highlighting tips and pitfalls in conservative and operative treatment. Written by world-renowned experts in Orthopaedic Surgery, the book offers various points of view on the topics discussed. This comparative approach is generally lacking in foot and ankle literature, an oversight that the book addresses. The content consists of different chapters, divided into the following major sections: "Introduction", "Arthropathies", "Forefoot Pathologies",

**Dr. Dimitrios D. Nikolopoulos and Dr. George K. Safos (MD)** 

Orthopaedic Surgeon, Arthroscopist Central Clinic of Athens, Greece

the foot develops from the early stages to adulthood.

"Causes and Effects of Hindfoot " and "Achille Tendon Rupture".
