**5. Conclusions**

There is abundant evidence in the literature that the retention of uremic toxins contributes to generalized inflammatory damage in patients with chronic kidney disease [48]. The general recommendation of a balanced diet, with a low amount of protein and an adequate amount of fiber, depending on the renal stage, is important. Bacterial overgrowth produces retention of uremic toxins that cause intestinal dysbiosis. All the strategies that can be used to preserve residual renal function or reduce cellular inflammation are important to complete a multidisciplinary approach for the management of CKD that increasingly affects more and more patients worldwide.
