**7. Conclusion**

There are various psychosocial issues that are associated with hemodialysis therapy. There are various psychosocial issues that are associated with hemodialysis therapy. These issues may arise at any stage of the trajectory of hemodialysis. Some issues occur during the initial transition period of hemodialysis; others occur after a long time of receiving hemodialysis or after changing the modality of treatment. Examples of these issues are depression, anxiety, delirium, and withdrawal from dialysis. Due to the complexity of hemodialysis and its accompanying symptoms, identifying these issues remains difficult. This chapter has summarized the most common psychosocial issues among patients undergoing hemodialysis. The early recognition of the high-risk group developing some of these issues in hemodialysis is important for early management, which is cost-effective. Using short screening methods is applicable in clinical practice. Furthermore, for safety concerns, it is recommended to initiate management with nonpharmacological interventions. If the issues are still persistent or there is no improvement, pharmacology-based intervention might be the solution, but with caution.
