**2. Coronary artery disease**

#### **2.1 Chronic coronary syndrome**

#### *2.1.1 Abstract*

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a pathological process characterized by obstructive or non-obstructive atherosclerotic plaque accumulation in the epicardial arteries. The CAD process is dynamic and depends on the stability or instability of atherosclerotic plaques. The acute atherothrombotic event can occur at any time, caused by plaque rupture or erosion, and results in various clinical presentations, categorized as

either acute coronary syndromes (ACS) or chronic coronary syndromes (CCS). The CCS is a new term accepted at the European society of cardiology congress (ESC) 2019, replacing the previous name of stable angina or stable coronary artery disease. According to ESC 2019, CCS has six clinical scenarios: (1) patients with "stable" anginal symptoms and/or dyspnea; (2) patients with newly discovered heart failure or left ventricular dysfunction; (3) patients with stabilized symptoms <1 year after an ACS, or patients with recent revascularization; (4) more than one year after initial diagnosis or revascularization; (5) patients with angina and suspected vasospastic or microvascular disease; (6) CAD is detected at screening without any symptom [1].
