*4.5.1 Types of power supply for electric drives*

The first type is to supply the electric drive of double-deck railway units from the overhead line.

The second type of power supply is battery power, which is used for passenger cars (coupemobiles), for road freight and passenger transport modules and local for fast freight rail waggons. The traction battery is unified with dimensions of about 60 × 40 × 35 cm, has a capacity of 30–40 kWh and is easily replaceable from the back/side using standardised handling equipment.

The third type is the supply of power to the electric drive by a range extender, powered primarily by a hydrogen fuel cell, but also by an internal combustion engine burning synthetic or fossil fuel, which is temporarily placed at the rear of the coupemobile.

## *4.5.2 Attractive e-mobility*

E-mobility, as it is practiced today, is not very attractive because a battery of sufficient capacity is very expensive and increases the price of vehicles disproportionately, because charging the battery even with the most powerful chargers (350 kW) takes 15 times longer than refilling the tank with fossil fuel, because building a sufficient charging network will be very difficult, and because searching for refuelling places a disproportionate burden on the owner of the electric vehicle. Today's EVs provide half the utility value for twice the price.

ComplexTrans cars, however, eliminate all these problems in the following way (**Figure 22**):

• Possibility to replace the battery from the back and parking of the coupemobiles perpendicular to the pavement allow discharged batteries to be swapped for charged ones anywhere via distribution vehicles. The traction battery can remain *ComplexTrans Total Ground Mobility Solution Based on Mutual Adaptation and Deep… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.110184*

#### **Figure 22.**

*Left—energy replenishment is done during parking by replacing the discharged battery with a charged one via a distribution vehicle that takes the discharged batteries to a central charger and brings back the charged batteries. The battery exchange is self-scheduled by a car and the driver does not have to be present during the exchange as the batteries remain the property of the distributor. Right—for longer journeys, the traction battery can be replaced by a range extender (red), powered by hydrogen, e-fuel or fossil fuel.*

in the ownership of the distributor and the price of a new vehicle is comparable with the price of a conventional internal combustion engine car. This will have a positive effect on the interest in electric vehicles even amongst less well-off people.


### **4.6 Supporting renewable energy with system ComplexTrans**

The ComplexTrans system strongly supports renewable electricity (solar and wind) by creating a giant electricity storage that is connected to the grid much more frequently than other EV systems. The batteries of coupémobiles are automatically connected to the electricity grid not only when they are recharged at central charging stations, but also when they are transported on trains or when they are parked in all non-standard ways. And importantly, the owner of the traction batteries is the electricity distributor, who will find it much easier and more willing to switch to V2G mode and easily decide to switch the batteries to stationary energy storage mode.
