*2.3.1 Advantages of freeze-drying method*

1.*Preserves material integrity*: Freeze-drying preserves the physical and chemical integrity of materials by removing moisture without causing thermal damage.

*Perspective Chapter: Pharmaceutical Drying DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.112941*

**Figure 5.** *Freeze-drying process.*

	- 1.*Cost*: Freeze-drying equipment is expensive and may not be feasible for small-scale production [21].
	- 2.*Long processing time*: Freeze-drying is a time-consuming process that may take several days or even weeks to complete.
	- 3.*Complex process*: Freeze-drying is a complex process that requires expertise and specialized equipment.
	- 4.*Limited capacity*: Freeze-drying may not be suitable for large-scale production due to its limited capacity.
	- 5.*Requires stability testing*: Freeze-dried materials may require stability testing to ensure that the product retains its physical and chemical properties over time.
