**Abstract**

A key challenge for the rice industry during harvest is to improve the efficiency of the drying process, which involves increasing the drying rate and the head rice yield (HRY). In the present chapter, the main variables affecting the efficiency of rice drying were discussed. Then, the impact of the drying air conditions on the drying efficiency of a long-grain South American rice variety at different rice moisture contents (MC) was studied using a thin-layer lab-scale dryer. Drying at each air condition was modeled using Page's equation. The drying rate increased as the air conditions became more extreme (higher temperature or lower relative humidity). The effect on the HRY depended on the rice MC. Therefore, a two-stage drying program was proposed using different drying air temperatures depending on rice MC. These results were applied to create a drying program for a long-grain South American variety dried in a cross-flow commercial dryer. The two programs tested increased the drying rate and one of them also increased the HRY, compared to drying at the industry operational conditions. Implementing this program would improve the efficiency of the drying process, increasing the reception capacity and the profitability of the rice obtained.

**Keywords:** rice drying, drying rate, drying efficiency, rice quality, drying optimization
