Preface

New materials and homogeneous multicomponent systems like mixed oxides can be prepared following different approaches. For example, the sol-gel method is a conventional method for synthesizing nanostructures. It can also be used to synthesize ceramics and materials used in optics, electronics, energy, surface engineering, biosensors, and pharmaceutical research.

The sol-gel process emerged in 1921 and became significant in 1960 because of its application in the nuclear industry. It allows for effortless control of the composition, properties, and architecture of nano-systems. It is a cost-effective method due to its low-temperature reaction and good control over chemical composition at the molecular level to prepare advanced materials in bulk as well as in the form of powders, fibers, and thin films. This book provides insights into the sol-gel process, with three sections on the basics and fundamentals of the method, using the method to synthesize selected materials and the various applications of these developed materials.

### **Jitendra Pal Singh**

Department of Sciences (Physics), Manav Rachna University, Faridabad, India

## **Shakti Shankar Acharya**

Department of Physics, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India

### **Sudhanshu Kumar**

Researcher, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

## **Shiv Kumar Dixit**

Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, Manav Rachna University, Faridabad, India

**1**

Section 1

Fundamentals of Sol-Gel

Science

Section 1
