**7. Conclusions**

The removal or degradation of harmful pollutants from the air is far more challenging than water and soil pollution. As per the literature, phytoremediation has way more potential for eradication of harmful pollutants from the indoor and outdoor air environment in a sustainable manner. This way of phytoremediation is more sustainable, green, cost-effective, and easy to handle. In phytoremediation, the plants and microbes eradicate the pollutants through the following mechanisms, such as phyto-extraction, phyto-stabilization, rhizo-filtration, phyto-volatilization, phytodegradation, and phyto-desalination. However, the selection of plant species and microbe's assistance for particular pollutant, their site, and condition are very crucial. As per the literature surveyed, in sustainability, the phytoremediation methods are 5–13 times more economical, higher success rate, good acceptance, and indeed an ecological way than the other remediation strategies. In the urban context, indoor plants serve as solution for phytoremediation against harmful air pollutants and also add esthetic value to the indoor space. Furthermore, the utilization of biotechnology will revolutionize and enhance the phytoremediation process against variety of pollutants.
