*Advances on Probiotics Utilization in Poultry Health and Nutrition DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.113738*

performance and cholesterol levels in ducks. South African. Journal of Animal Science. 2019;**49**(2):219. DOI: 10.4314/ sajas.v49i2.2

[27] Erdoğmuş SZ, Gülmez N, Findik A, Sah H, Gülmez M. Probiyotiklerin Eimeria tenella İle Enfekte Broiler Piliçlerin Sağlık Durumu ve Verim Performansı Üzerine Etkileri. Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi. 2018;**25**(3):311-320. DOI: 10.9775/ kvfd.2018.20889

[28] Kim HW, Yan FF, Hu JY, Cheng HW, Kim YHB. Effects of probiotics feeding on meat quality of chicken breast during postmortem storage. Poultry Science. 2016;**95**(6):1457-1464. DOI: 10.3382/ps/ pew055

[29] Khanian M, Karimi-Torshizi M-A, Allameh A. Alleviation of aflatoxinrelated oxidative damage to liver and improvement of growth performance in broiler chickens consumed *Lactobacillus plantarum* 299v for entire growth period. Toxicon. 2019;**158**:57-62. DOI: 10.1016/j. toxicon.2018.11.431

[30] Fesseha H, Demlie T, Mathewos M, Eshetu E. Effect of *Lactobacillus* species probiotics on growth performance of dualpurpose chicken. Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports. 2021;**12**:75-83. DOI: 10.2147/vmrr.s300881

[31] Khabirov A, Khaziakhmetov F, Kuznetsov V, Tagirov H, Rebezov M, Andreyeva A, et al. Effect of NORMOSIL probiotic supplementation on the growth performance and blood parameters of broiler chickens. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research. 2020;**54**(4):1046-1055. DOI: 10.5530/ ijper.54.4.199

[32] Zaghari M, Sarani P, Hajati H. Comparison of two probiotic preparations on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, nutrient digestibility and cytokine gene expression in broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Animal Research. 2020;**48**(1):166-175. DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2020.1754218

[33] Mohammed AA, Zaki RS, Negm EA, Mahmoud MA, Cheng HW. Effects of dietary supplementation of a probiotic (*Bacillus subtilis*) on bone mass and meat quality of broiler chickens. Poultry Science. 2021;**100**(3):100906. DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.11.073

[34] Ogbuagu NE, Aluwong T, Ayo JO, Sumanu VO. Effect of fisetin and probiotic supplementation on erythrocyte osmotic fragility, malondialdehyde concentration and superoxide dismutase activity in broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science. 2018;**80**(12):1895-1900. DOI: 10.1292/ jvms.18-0477

[35] Cramer TA, Kim HW, Chao Y, Wang W, Cheng HW, Kim YH. Effects of probiotic (*Bacillus subtilis*) supplementation on meat quality characteristics of breast muscle from broilers exposed to chronic heat stress. Poultry Science. 2018;**97**(9):3358-3368. DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey176

[36] Wang WC, Yan FF, Hu JY, Amen OA, Cheng HW. Supplementation of *Bacillus subtilis*-based probiotic reduces heat stress-related behaviors and inflammatory response in broiler Chickens1. Journal of Animal Science. 2018;**96**(5):1654-1666. DOI: 10.1093/jas/ sky092

[37] Lan PT, Sakamoto M, Benno Y. Effects of two probiotic *Lactobacillus* strains on jejunal and cecal microbiota of broiler chicken under acute heat stress condition as revealed by molecular analysis of 16S rRNA genes.

Microbiology and Immunology. 2004;**48**(12):917-929. DOI: 10.1111/ j.1348-0421.2004.tb03620.x

[38] Khan A, Khan I, Khan S, Afzal S, Hamid M, Tariq M, et al. Selenium-enriched probiotics improve hepatic protection by regulating proinflammatory cytokines and antioxidant capacity in broilers under heat stress conditions. Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research. 2019;**6**(3):355. DOI: 10.5455/javar.2019.f354

[39] Khan AZ, Khan IU, Afzal S, Khan S, Khan MA, Altaf Hossain FM, et al. Effects of selenium-enriched probiotics on lameness and growth improvement in broiler chickens under heat stress condition. Acta Veterinaria Eurasia. 2021;**47**(1):19-18. DOI: 10.5152/ actavet.2020.20044

[40] Zhang L, Wang Y, Jia H, Liu X, Zhang R, Guan J. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal the regulatory effects of compound probiotics on cecal metabolism in heat-stressed broilers. Poultry Science. 2023;**102**(1):102323. DOI: 10.1016/j. psj.2022.102323

[41] Li Q, Wan G, Peng C, Xu L, Yu Y, Li L, et al. Effect of probiotic supplementation on growth performance, intestinal morphology, barrier integrity, and inflammatory response in broilers subjected to cyclic heat stress. Animal Science Journal. 2020;**91**(1):e13433. DOI: 10.1111/ asj.13433

[42] Penha Filho RA, Díaz SJ, Fernando FS, Chang Y-F, Andreatti Filho RL, Berchieri JA. Immunomodulatory activity and control of *Salmonella enteritidis* colonization in the intestinal tract of chickens by *Lactobacillus* based probiotic. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology.

2015;**167**(1-2):64-69. DOI: 10.1016/j. vetimm.2015.06.006

[43] Mengistu BM, Bitsue HK, Huang K. The effects of seleniumenriched probiotics on growth performance, oocysts shedding, intestinal cecal lesion scores, antioxidant capacity, and mRNA gene expression in chickens infected with *Eimeria tenella*. Biological Trace Element Research. 2020;**199**(1):278-291. DOI: 10.1007/ s12011-020-02118-7

[44] Reuben RC, Sarkar SL, Ibnat H, Setu MA, Roy PC, Jahid IK. Novel multi-strain probiotics reduces Pasteurella multocida induced fowl cholera mortality in broilers. Scientific Reports. 2021;**11**(1):8885. DOI: 10.1038/ s41598-021-88299-0

[45] Wang H, Ni X, Qing X, Liu L, Xin J, Luo M, et al. Probiotic *Lactobacillus johnsonii* BS15 improves blood parameters related to immunity in broilers experimentally infected with subclinical necrotic enteritis. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2018:**9**:49. DOI: 10.3389/ fmicb.2018.00049

[46] Mohsin M, Zhang Z, Yin G. Effect of probiotics on the performance and intestinal health of broiler chickens infected with *Eimeria tenella*. Vaccine. 2022;**10**(1):97. DOI: 10.3390/ vaccines10010097

[47] Memon FU, Leghari IH, Rajput N, Gadahi JA, Sahito JZ, Yang Y, et al. Immunomodulatory and ameliorative effects of probiotic in combination with diclazuril on broilers under Coccidia infection. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 2022;**132**(4):3181-3188. DOI: 10.1111/jam.15380

[48] Śmiałek M, Kowalczyk J, Koncicki A. The use of probiotics in the reduction of campylobacter spp prevalence in poultry. *Advances on Probiotics Utilization in Poultry Health and Nutrition DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.113738*

Animals. 2021;**11**(5):1355. DOI: 10.3390/ ani11051355

[49] Sarwar N. Protective effect of probiotics in combination with vaccination on antibody response, biochemical and hematological indices in broilers. Pakistan Veterinary Journal. 2019;**39**(03):451-454. DOI: 10.29261/ pakvetj/2019.023

[50] Borda-Molina D, Seifert J, Camarinha-Silva A. Current perspectives of the chicken gastrointestinal tract and its microbiome. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal. 2018;**16**:131-139. DOI: 10.1016/j. csbj.2018.03.002

[51] Singh KM, Shah TM, Reddy B, Deshpande S, Rank DN, Joshi CG. Taxonomic and gene-centric metagenomics of the fecal microbiome of low and high feed conversion ratio (FCR) broilers. Journal of Applied Genetics. 2013;**55**(1):145-154. DOI: 10.1007/ s13353-013-0179-4

[52] Zhu L, Liao R, Wu N, Zhu G, Yang C. Heat stress mediates changes in fecal microbiome and functional pathways of laying hens. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2018;**103**(1):461-472. DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9465-8

[53] Tilocca B, Witzig M, Rodehutscord M, Seifert J. Variations of phosphorous accessibility causing changes in microbiome functions in the gastrointestinal tract of chickens. PLoS One. 2016;**11**(10):e0164735. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164735

[54] Bajagai YS, Klieve AV, Dart PJ, Bryden WL. Probiotics in animal nutrition – Production, impact and regulation. In: Makkar HPS, editor. Animal Production and Health. Paper No. 179. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO); 2016

Section 2
