**1. Introduction**

Heterocycles are common elements found in the majority of commercial drugs and are a target of medicinal chemistry in the drug delivery process [1]. In recent years, nitrogen*-*containing five- and six-member heterocycles have received a significant amount of interest because of their major pharmacological and synthetic implications [2]. Structure elucidation, identification of novel biologically active compounds, development of efficient therapies and discovering the mode of action of newer molecules are all critical aspects of medicinal chemistry that nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds perform. They are commonly employed in drug development because of the discovery of robust synthetic pathways that can rapidly produce large amounts of desired chemicals, which helps to accelerate the drug development process. Their pharmacophores have a wide range of pharmacological activities against disease or disorder [3, 4].

The "one drug, one target, one disease" strategy is no longer appropriate in today's complicated and infectious diseases [5]. Drug resistance is a problem that cannot be solved using usual disease treatment methods. The hybridisation of physiologically active compounds is a potent drug discovery approach that can be utilised to treat a wide range of diseases. It opens up the possibility of better medications [6]. Benzimidazole is the building block of various synthetic medicinal and biochemical compounds with important biological activities like anticancer [7, 8], antimicrobial [9, 10], antibacterial [11, 12], antimycobacterial [13, 14], anti-inflammatory [15, 16], etc. Similarly, quinoline is found in various natural products. It is frequently utilised to explore a range of bioactive compounds with varying pharmacological properties like antifungal [17, 18], anti-inflammatory [19, 20], anticancer [21, 22], antimicrobial [23, 24], anticoagulant [25, 26], antiviral [27, 28], antimalarial [29, 30], antitrypanosomal [30, 31] etc. Due to the therapeutic efficacy of benzimidazole and quinoline scaffolds, medicinal chemists have been interested in developing hybrid analogues with enhanced potency by incorporating them, and molecular hybridisation technology has been employed to do so. With a virtual planning and developing procedure, finding the enhanced pharmacological activity of new or modified present drugs is quite challenging. In such cases, these benzimidazole-quinoline hybrid compounds play a crucial role since they can reduce time and expenses by employing techniques including X-ray screening, molecular docking, NMR skeletons of biomolecules and computer-aided drug design [32, 33].

The fundamental purpose of benzimidazole-quinoline hybrid compounds is to strengthen their potential to interact with several biological targets. Due to their excellent potential in drug discovery and development, we have introduced this study of the pharmacological activities of benzimidazole-incorporated quinoline compounds.
