**3.** *In vivo* **phytoremediation of** *L. camara* **for heavy-metal-polluted soil**

One of the studies on the plants of *L. camara* and *Datura inoxia* planted on polluted sites such as industrial landfill areas, waste dumping areas, and mining mines indicated that they play a major role in controlling the accumulation and disposal of heavy metal pollutants [25].

A study was conducted on the phytoremediation of *L. camara* L. for soils contaminated with heavy metals resulting from factory wastes in the city of Bhopal in India. It was found that the leaves of *Lantana camera* plant had accumulated the largest amount of heavy metals in them compared with its branches. Chromium, lead, cadmium, and nickel accumulated in leaves at a concentration of 242.7, 262.2, 49.4, and 34.8 mg kg−1, respectively, while the contents of heavy metals above accumulated in the vegetative branches were 72.3, 88.4, 28.8, and 22.8 mg kg−1, respectively [13].

The study was maintained by Deepa et al. [26] to research the possibility of *L. camara* for the phytoremediation and accumulation of arsenic and nickel in the root and vegetative parts. The soil and plant samples utilized in this investigation were obtained from areas nearby Koradi Lake, the Northern of Nagpur, and then examined for arsenic and nickel levels. The accumulated heavy metals were analyzed utilizing an inductively connected plasma atomic emission spectrometer device. The arsenic and nickel concentrations in the soil were 2.29 mg L−1 and 58.344 mg L−1, respectively.

The capability of plants to accumulate heavy metal from the soil was estimated by the bioconcentration factor, whereas their capability to translocate heavy metal from roots to vegetative parts was estimated by the translocation factor. On the basis of bioconcentration factor and translocation factor data, *L. camara* was determined as the phytoremediator for arsenic and nickel in contaminated soil. Nickel accumulated higher than the arsenic concentration in *L. camara*. These heavy metals accumulated in vegetative parts with more concentration compared with roots in this plant. Therefore, *L. camara* may be considered as an accumulator plant to nickel higher than arsenic heavy metal and a promising plant for phytoremediation.
