**5.11 Comparison of grooming duration in the elevated plus maze test among the different experimental groups**

The mean ± SEM grooming duration for the control, CdCl2 (14 days), CdCl2 (28 days), CdCl2 + Zinc, and CdCl2 + Vitamin E groups were 10.71 ± 2.79, 38.08 ± 5.61, 45.02 ± 2.68, 11.49 ± 3.33, and 7.39 ± 1.99, respectively.

The results revealed that the CdCl2 group's grooming time was substantially longer (p < 0.05) than that of the control group. In contrast to the CdCl2 group, the grooming time was considerably shorter in the CdCl2 + Zinc and CdCl2 + Vitamin E groups (p < 0.05) (see **Table 3**).

*Ameliorative Effects of Zinc and Vitamin E on Physiological Changes after Exposure to Heavy… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.111518*


### **Table 3.**

*Compares the length of grooming in the Elevated Plus Maze Test, frequency of closed arm entry during the test, duration of closed arm entry during the test (CAE Dur.), frequency of open arm entry during the test (Freq. OAE), and duration of open arm entry during the test among the various experimental groups.*

### **5.12 Comparison of the frequency of closed arm entry during elevated plus maze test among the different experimental groups**

The mean ± SEM frequency of closed arm entry for control, CdCl2 (14 days), CdCl2 (28 days), CdCl2 + Zinc, and CdCl2 + Vitamin E groups were 3.80 ± 0.80, 5.80 ± 0.66, 7.01 ± 0.58, 3.00 ± 0.45, and 3.20 ± 0.58, respectively.

The results showed that the frequency of closed arm entry in CdCl2 group had no significant difference when compared with the control group. However, the CdCl2 + Zinc and CdCl2 + Vitamin E groups had significantly lower (p < 0.05) frequency of closed arm entry when compared with the CdCl2 group (see **Table 3**)*.*
