**5.3 Comparison of frequency of transition between the light/dark (TLD) compartments among the different experimental groups in the light/dark transition box**

The mean ± SEM frequency of transition for the control, CdCl2 (14 days), CdCl2 (28 days), CdCl2 + Zinc, and CdCl2 + vitamin E groups were 21.60 ± 2.01, 7.40 + 1.03, 5.30 + 1.13, 17.40 ± 1.63, and 21.40 ± 2.01 respectively.

The findings demonstrated that the frequency of transition was substantially lower (p< 0.05) in the CdCl2 group than in the control group. When compared to the CdCl2 group, the frequency of transition was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the CdCl2 + Zinc and CdCl2 + vitamin E groups (see **Table 1**).
