**5.1 Comparison of frequency of rearing among the different experimental groups in the light/dark transition box**

The mean ± SEM rearing frequency for the control, CdCl2 (14 days), CdCl2 (28 days), CdCl2 + Zinc, and CdCl2 + vitamin E groups were 59.60 ± 5.12, 35.40 ± 3.41, 26.50 ± 5.11, 55.40 ± 3.04, and 53.60 ± 3.66, respectively.

The results revealed that as compared to the control group, the rearing frequency in the CdCl2 group was significantly lower (p < 0.05). However, compared to the CdCl2 group, the rearing frequency of the CdCl2 + Zinc and CdCl2 + vitamin E groups was significantly greater (p < 0.05) (see **Table 1**).
