**Abstract**

In this chapter, we delve into a comprehensive discussion of the complex impact of gamma rays on materials of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and their practical use in photovoltaic contexts. Our goal is to gain a better grasp of the dynamic interplay between gamma irradiation and the performance of TiO2 for better utilization in photocatalysis. We aim to explore how the employment of gamma-treated TiO2 in photovoltaic applications can lead to amplified solar cell effectiveness and endurance. As we strive to enhance sustainable energy initiatives and extend the range of innovative prospects for TiO2 materials, we also scrutinize the fundamental processes that drive these developments. Additionally, we contemplate prospective avenues for research such as identifying optimal gamma-ray parameters, assessing the durability of treated TiO2, and studying the synergistic influence of combining gamma radiation with other treatments. Scientists and industrialists seeking to enrich the performance of TiO2 materials in solar energy endeavors can benefit from this chapter as a valuable reference.

**Keywords:** gamma radiation, TiO2 thin films, TiO2 nanostructures, structural modifications, optical properties, photocatalytic activity, photovoltaic devices
