**3.6 Design for disassembly**

Across the literature, design for disassembly/deconstruction (DfD) is the most mentioned literature on circular building design [49]. It is a CDS that focuses on the activities that take place at the end-of-life of buildings to recover building elements and components for reuse thereby minimizing waste. The major impediment to design for disassembly is the use of irreversible connections between elements, and other major considerations for design for disassembly are reduced number of components, lightweight elements, avoiding binders, use of accessible connections, and the use of recyclable and reusable components [50]. Another CDS that works with DfD is the design in layers, and this assists in easy deconstruction. DfD supports adaptability, flexibility, and selective deconstruction. The adoption of design for the disassembly has been recognized to be effective in the management of building components for future reuse, which is to be incorporated in the design of new construction at the early stage [8].
