**2.3 Disadvantages of Solar photovoltaic cells**


## **2.4 Challenges and future perspectives**

There are a number of problems that have a major impact on how well the PV system works. To start, there may be issues with data management during the PV system implementation. The proliferation of solar power plants has resulted in an explosion of data that is beyond the capacity of current technologies to manage. For this reason, the creation of a robust system capable of real-time monitoring of massive amounts of data is essential. The second crucial feature of a wireless monitoring system is its safety. The integrity of a system may be jeopardised due to inadequate security. Security measures must be followed to guarantee safety, privacy, and secrecy. Interference with the signals is a potential third issue. This can make it difficult to keep tabs on the solar PV system's statistics. As a result of signal interference, data transfer rates, module functionality, signal strength, and connectivity might all suffer. All of this results in lower service standards and greater revenue loss. In the fourth place, the node battery's lifespan determines the PV-overall system's energy efficiency. To be more specific, the PV network includes a number of different transmitter nodes. The longevity of the PV-network decreases with each failed node battery. To conclude, the programming language and operating system must be intuitive to use. Sixth, the data transfer range needs to be adequate for the specific PV system in question. Given that the distance between the furthest two PV panels in such a system can be measured in kilometres, this is of paramount importance. Data transmission speeds should not be an issue for a long-distance platform. Seventh, the dust, temperature, radiation, and humidity in the surrounding environment have a significant impact on the performance of the PV system. When installing PV panels in the open, special care must be taken to prevent damage. For instance, dust accumulation on a PV panel can lessen the amount of sunlight that is absorbed by the panel's solar cells. To add insult to injury (number eight), various electromagnetic and radio frequencies can impact the transmission module's accuracy. Thus, there is a need for shield-modules that are compatible with data transmission boards. The ninth problem is that the effectiveness of various solar cell methods varies substantially from one another and is extremely sensitive to the composition of the material from which the cells are made (e.g. mono-crystalline silicon, poly-crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, thin-film copper indium disulfide, heterojunction incorporating thin film). As a result, picking the right solar cell technology is crucial for maximising output [8].

As solar photovoltaic (PV) systems grow in scale and area of use, future research should concentrate on improving data handling, boosting efficiency, increasing security, and expanding transmission range, and reducing signal interference. Specifically, you should avoid the nine issues we just went over. In reality, going forward, it will be necessary to create a trustworthy, cutting-edge method of monitoring wireless networks [8].
