**2. Device configuration of transparent photovoltaic device**

The schematic representation of a transparent photovoltaic device is shown in **Figure 2**. This shows the key component of transparent solar cell, which transmits visible light and captures NIR and UV light. The thick layer is glass, plastic, or other transparent material. The coating of PV materials on top of the device. These PV materials are photoactive layers. The active layers include semiconducting materials that get excited upon falling sunlight and interact, creating an electric field that causes electric current to flow in a device through a circuit. This current can be taken out of the device to an external circuit via connecting sandwiched electrodes. Both electrodes must be transparent and they are anti-reflective coatings to reduce light reflection. Therefore, a combination of optical design, molecular engineering, and optimization of the device are used to design transparent PV devices [21].

**Figure 2.** *Schematic of transparent photovoltaic device.*
