*2.1.2 Basic structure of a photovoltaic cell*

An anti-reflective coating (ARC), which is found in the vast majority of existing technologies for solar cells [5, 6], is an anti-reflective coating that is essential to the fabrication of solar cells. Because silicon has such a significant surface reflection, it is often sprayed over cells that are made entirely of silicon.

• The front contacts that is necessary to gather the current from the solar cell (**Figure 3**). They frequently construct with metal materials.

An emitter that absorbs photons and then transfers the energy from those photons to an excited state that carries a charge after doing so. Since pentavalentdoped (n-type) silicon has a higher surface quality than trivalent-doped

**Figure 3.** *Basic structure of photovoltaic cell.*

(p-type) silicon, it is placed in the front of the cell, which is where the majority of the light absorption takes place. This is because pentavalent-doped (n-type) silicon is more expensive than trivalent-doped (p-type) silicon.

