Contents


Preface

*Advances in Boiling and Condensation* is written by well-known experts from top universities and research organizations in Canada, Japan, Serbia, and the United States. The book consists of five chapters, three of which are dedicated to the phenomena of boiling heat transfer, one that covers both boiling and condensation

Boiling and condensation are two types of convection heat transfer with phase change, characterized by high heat-transfer coefficients within the range of

tries. However, possibly the largest and most significant application is in the power industry, where they are used in thermal as well as nuclear power plants, which are equipped with subcritical-pressure Rankine steam-turbine power cycles. Even supercritical-pressure coal-fired power plants still rely on condensation of steam from

In general, boiling is a heat-transfer process during which vapor bubbles are created on a heated surface (nucleate boiling) or inside an overheated liquid (bulk boiling). Boiling has been used by humans for tens of thousands of years for cooking, however, its application in industry started sometime in the 17th century. Moreover, actual research into boiling heat-transfer phenomena began only around the 1920s. Several major types of boiling processes can be identified. These include natural-convection pool boiling vs. forced-convection flow boiling and nucleate boiling vs. bulk boiling. Major nucleate pool-boiling characteristics are Onset of Nucleate Boiling (ONB), Heat Transfer Coefficient (HTC), Critical Heat Flux (CHF), HTC at film pool boiling, minimum heat flux at film pool boiling, and HTC at transition boiling. Quite similar characteristics correspond to flow boiling, which are the Onset of subcooled Nucleate Boiling (ONB), Onset of Significant Void (OSV), HTC, CHF, and Post-Dryout (PDO) heat transfer. Despite more than 100 years of active research and many years of applications, boiling phenomena/heat transfer are still not fully investigated and understood. There have been some attempts to develop boiling-phenomena theories, but, unfortunately, they are not yet practical. Therefore, more or less all practical calculations of various boiling characteristics/parameters rely heavily on empirical

Chapter 1 of this book provides a summary of the latest developments in nucleate pool boiling and flow boiling, the latter related to boiling inside circular flow geometries or inside bundle/fuel-rod assemblies on fuel rods. Chapter 2 focuses on heat transfer and hydraulic resistance in fuel bundles of nuclear-power reactors, mainly, Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs), particularly, CANDU reactors. However, boiling heat-transfer experiments are usually performed with light water instead of heavy water (both fluids have quite similar thermophysical/thermodynamics properties), therefore, this chapter is also useful for our understanding of heat-transfer specifics

K. Boiling and condensation are widely used in various indus-

and one on condensation heat transfer.

correlations that were obtained experimentally.

in Pressurized light-Water Reactors (PWRs).

2500–100,000 W/m<sup>2</sup>

low-pressure turbines.
