*3.1.3 Estimating erosion rates: Techniques*

The classification of soil erosion assessment approaches is shown in **Figure 3**. Many different scientific techniques and modeling strategies have been used to build a number of soil erosion models. There exist three distinct categories of soil erosion models, namely physics-based, empirical, and conceptual models. These models are dependent on the underlying algorithms utilized, with each model type tailored to the specific nature of the algorithms employed [58, 59].


**Figure 3.** *Methods for classifying soil erosion assessments.*

ascertained (or determined by dating deposits). The analysis of antiquated aerial photography is a common practice.

