**4.5 Temperature, pressure, and dissolved volatile content in Monte Amiata magmas**

In order to retrieve the conditions (i.e., pressure, P; temperature, T; and volatile content) of magma in the storage system and during the dynamics of ascent toward the surface, and to understand eruption dynamics of Monte Amiata SLLF generating magmas, we have applied the numerous geothermobarometers and geohygrometers so far available in the literature, accounting for both "crystal," "crystal-crystal," and "crystal-residual liquid" equilibria. The compositions of the lavas for which calculations were performed are reported in **Table 3**. More details about the contour conditions (e.g., mineral-liquid duplets; preliminary estimations by independent variables; necessary equilibrium tests) necessary to apply each specific model are reported in [102].

The list of geothermobarometers and hygrometers adopted is reported in **Table 5** [103–107], together with the temperature interval of application of magma ascent and



*[44], 5: [57].\*Total iron as Fe2O3.*

#### **Table 3.**

*Representative chemical whole rock compositions of selected samples of SLLF from Monte Amiata.*
