*3.2.3 Species diversity in Bamburi rehabilitated mines*

In comparison to these two amphibian rich ecosystems, the survey done in coastal ecosystem that represent a secondary growth after rehabilitation shows low diversity and species richness. In survey conducted in 2013 in rehabilitated mines in Bamburi, central areas of the coast, 12 species were found [18] distributed across nine genera (N = 1994). From the assessment done, there was strong association of two species *Phrynobatrachus acridoides* (46%) and *P. anchietae* (44%) with rehabilitated mines in Bamburi mines near Mombasa as shown by their dominance. Although the alpha diversities were higher among these species in central areas of Mombasa, the species abundances were relatively low (compared to SHNR and Taita Hills) and distribution was uneven due to fluctuations in resource, quality of breeding sites, among other factors [18] as shown in **Table 3**.

### *3.2.4 Species diversity in Meru National Park*

Towards inland ecosystems, as survey conducted in lower eastern ecosystem in Tana River Primate National Reserve, the species diversity was comparatively becoming low. In total 16 amphibians (all anurans) were recorded in 2002 [19]. Moreover, within the drier central parts of the country a survey conducted in Meru national park [20] revealed that species diversity is further declining as only 11 species distributed across seven genera inhabit the area were identified. Although the IUCN status of all species is Least Concern (LC), the population trend of most species remain unknown and low levels of endemism (**Table 4**). In the breeding seasons, the sex ratio is balanced although the males are dominant (as in *H. glandicolor*) which indicted that breeding takes place [3].

### *3.2.5 Species diversity in Kakamega forest*

In another biodiversity hotspot located in the western part of the country, the amount of rainfall increases as compared to central region and the species richness increases. The


#### **Table 3.**

*Amphibian population in rehabilitated mines in Bamburi area.*


#### **Table 4.**

*Species diversity and IUCN status in Meru National Park.*

number of species in Kakamega forest increases to 24 species (anurans only) as altitude increases to 1650 m above sea level as compared to 11 in Meru NP where the altitude of highest point is 850 m asl. More importantly, the level of endemism also increases in Kakamega Forest and its environs [21] as shown in **Table 5** below.


*Breeding Ecology and Population Status of Kenyan Amphibians DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.109825*


#### **Table 5.**

*Amphibian diversity in Kakamega forest.*
