**4. Conclusion**

A relevant literature review indicates that climate-change risk communication has not adequately integrated traditional indigenous knowledge, despite the value that it can offer. There appears to be a lack of serious effort in this respect, as demonstrated by a major gap in the literature. For integration and co-production of scientific knowledge and traditional indigenous knowledge systems, methods, and content as well as several aspects exist where both systems converge [57]. Researchers, policy and decision-makers, risk communication experts, and practitioners need to focus on areas and aspects of convergences rather than divergences. By focusing on common ground, both knowledge systems can be reconciled to improve the risk communication process to benefit Indigenous as well as non-Indigenous communities. As a result of deliberate reconciliation between the two, the process will help promote power sharing and trust building between parties. Furthermore, collective wisdom, the sharing of climate-change risk information, and the democratization of the knowledge-production process will help empower Indigenous communities through the valuing and mobilization of traditional indigenous knowledge for risk management. This may also help promote the development of trust between indigenous Peoples and mainstream Canadian society. Traditional indigenous knowledge may not necessarily fit with every scientific model; however, a more in-depth research is warranted to identify points of convergence where traditional indigenous knowledge may help improve the climate-change risk communication process.

*Natural Hazards – New Insights*
