**5. Conclusions**

It has been 1890 years since the invention of the first ground vibration measuring instrument. During the whole of recorded history, the vibration fortification level specified by earthquake-resistant design codes has continued to increase, but the associated death toll due to earthquakes is still high. In view of this, the author has outlined the seismic conditions in which structural failure does in fact occur during tectonic earthquakes so as to explore the causes of failure of different structures and thereby reached the following six conclusions:

