**4. Conclusion**

The Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS) is one of the largest and best-recorded outcrops of Neoproterozoic Juvenile rocks on the Earth; the basement rocks extend in the Eastern Desert are divided into three distinct lithotectonic domains as specific: Northern Eastern Desert (NED), the Central Eastern Desert (CED), and the Southern Eastern Desert (SED). The basement complex in the Eastern Desert is composed of a heterogeneous rock assemblage; it can be classified into the lower tectonostratigraphic unit or infrastructural and the upper tectonostratigraphic unit or suprastructural. The production and mining activities of gold deposits have been conducted in the Eastern Desert of Egypt since ancient times; nowadays, the random mining or illegal gold rushers phenomena (they are called Dahaba) have been widely distributed along the whole Eastern Desert. Many studies classified the gold deposits in Egypt based on distinctive characteristics, such as nature, occurrences, type of host rock, tectonic setting, metal association, and the tectonic environment of mineralization. Still, there are many challenges in the geologic exploration and mining studies of gold in Egypt.
