**9. Conclusions and outlook**

In summary, this chapter discusses the conceptual background as well as evolutionary developments of chemical sensing in cyclodextrin-based monomers, dimers, clusters, and nano-assemblies with a detection limit up to μM/nM level. The sensing event of various guest molecules *via* optical and electrochemical signatures on CDbased sensors endows them characteristics and features, which have been elaborated. In fact, the domain of CD-based chemical sensors has established its firm ground in supramolecular chemistry, biochemistry, polymer chemistry, pharmaceutical chemistry, and nanotechnology. Utilizing the fundamental principles and concepts of chemistry in combination with CD-based chemistry, diverse novel chemical sensors having high sensitivity, high functionality, and wide versatility have been constructed for analytes of typical interest. The authors are of the view that this chapter will offer new dimensions to CD-based chemical sensors and may guide the readers to develop a better understanding of cyclodextrins.
