**2.1 Perinatal care and conflict**

Among the disputes, those related to cerebral palsy were said to be a heavy burden for obstetricians because the cause of cerebral palsy was often unknown. In discussions with perinatal care professionals in Japan and abroad, it has been said that cerebral palsy is one of the causes of disputes, including court cases, and of obstetricians leaving their jobs, not only in high-income countries but also in middle-low-income countries (LMICs). In cases where a child is born in a distressed status despite normal course of pregnancy and delivery, or where the child's neurological deficits become apparent to develop profound cerebral palsy in spite of little or no findings on hypoxic condition during delivery, the family's sentiment may become complicated due to uncertainty on the cause of cerebral palsy and a dispute may arise. Therefore, obstetricians had been discussing for many years the establishment of a compensation system that runs on no-fault basis in anticipation for mitigating the conflict.
