*1.4.3 Diagnostic criteria*

Normal blood glucose levels range from 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L) to 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L). When the fasting blood glucose (FBG) is between 100 and 125 mg/dL (5.6–6.9 mmol/L), changes in lifestyle and monitoring glycaemia are recommended [13]. However, when the fasting blood glucose is 126 mg/dL (7 mmol/L) or higher on two separate occasions, a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is made. The diagnostic standard cut-off point for diagnosing GDM is the 50-g Glucose Challenge Test with ≥7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dl) as the cut-off point [15].
