*1.5.1.2 Progression to chronic diabetes mellitus*

In ideal conditions, GDM resolves after birth with glucose levels reverting to normal without further treatment. However, studies also show that women with GDM have a 16-year cumulative incidence of diabetes (60%) following the initial diabetic episode in pregnancy [17].

## *1.5.1.3 Predisposition to other complications of pregnancy*

DM in pregnancy increases the risk of the mother developing other pregnancy complications such as pregnancy-induced hypertension, premature rupture of membranes, haemorrhage in the antepartum or postpartum period, and other possible complications [18]. Compared with women who do not have GDM, women with GDM have a higher risk of delivery by caesarean section.

### *1.5.2 Foetal complications*
