**5. Conclusions**

Hip fractures are classified according to their location: intracapsular and extracapsular, with intra-capsular fractures being the most common, accounting for over 60% of all hip fractures. The patient's age and fracture displacement are taken into account when determining the procedure for a specific case. Fracture displacement raises the probability of femoral head blood supply interruption and, as a result, is associated with higher rates of non-union, fracture fixation failure, delayed union, and AVN of the femoral head. In old age (> 65 years), there is a high risk of non-union and fixation failure that leads to a high reoperation rate, which is not recommended in geriatric patients. As a result, current hip fracture treatment recommendations state that "displaced intracapsular neck of femur fractures in old age patients should be treated with arthroplasty."

There are two types of hip replacement procedures for the treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures of the intracapsular type: THA and HA. Its indication depends on the patient's age and the physiological as well as the general cognitive status of the patient. Hemiarthroplasty is recommended for the frail, low-preoperative mobility patient, and total hip arthroplasty is recommended for physically active and demanding patients.

Bipolar hemiarthroplasty and unipolar hemiarthroplasty showed comparable intraoperative blood loss, operative time, acetabular wear development, risk of instability, reoperation rates, systemic complications, mortality, and functional results. Given the lack of clinical data to support the superiority of either HA type, economic concerns should take precedence; bipolar implants are 2–5 times more expensive than unipolar implants; hence, unipolar implants are the preferable option when conducting HA [18].
