Preface

The edited volume *Updates in Endoscopy* is a comprehensive collection of research chapters that highlights the latest advancements in the field of endoscopy. The book is edited by a group of experts in health sciences, and each chapter is written by a specialist in the field. While each chapter is self-contained, all are related to the book's overarching themes and objectives. This book is targeted at scholars and specialists in the field who seek to deepen their understanding of endoscopy and stay up to date with the latest developments.

## **Dr. Somchai Amornyotin**

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand

**1**

**Chapter 1**

**Abstract**

Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal

As endoscopic procedures have become widespread, they have largely replaced radiological methods in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal system diseases; because the accurate diagnosis rates of endoscopic procedures are very high compared to conventional radiological procedures. In addition, tissue and cell sample for histopathological studies It is also advantageous because it can be taken and some diseases can be treated endoscopically. Rigid endoscopes have been replaced by flexible endoscopes, making them widely used in both diagnosis and treatment. The increase in the use of endoscopy brings with it complications. Therefore, the indications for endoscopy should be clearly stated. Indications for endoscopic examination of the digestive system can be

System Endoscopy Indications

*Bahadir Kartal and Mehmet Abdussamet Bozkurt*

divided into three as diagnosis, follow-up and treatment.

into three as diagnostic, follow-up and therapeutic (**Table 1**).

**2. Diagnostic upper GI**

Alarm symptoms:

• Persistent vomiting

• Progressive dysphagia

• Obstructive jaundice

**2.1 Dyspepsia**

dyspepsia.

**Keywords:** gastroscopy, colonoscopy, indication, gastrointestinal endoscopy

**1. Introduction - Upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy indications**

With the widespread use of flexible endoscopes, the indications for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (Upper GI) have increased. Upper GI indications; It is divided

Upper GI should be performed in patients aged 50 years and older in the presence of new-onset dyspepsia. If under 50 years of age, medical treatment should be given. Endoscopy should be performed if the following alarm symptoms are present with

## **Chapter 1**
