**5.1 Potential uses for antioxidants**

Cyanobacteria's ancestors produced the first biogenic molecular oxygen on Earth, but they are still unknown how they handled oxidative stress [71]. We explore the advancement of superoxide dismutase proteins (Turfs) equipped for eliminating superoxide-free revolutionaries and gauge the beginning of Cyanobacteria. Our microfossil-adjusted Bayesian atomic timekeepers foresee that stem cyanobacteria emerged quite a while back. The development of NiSOD is especially captivating because it concurs with the intrusion of the vast sea by cyanobacteria [21]. Microalgal biotechnology can expand into regions and climates that are unfavorable for agriculture, such as deserts and seashores, and can reach higher productivity. Additionally, aquaculture and life-support systems depend on microalgae cultivation as feed, and they effectively remove nutrients from water [70].
