**2.1 Ginger's active ingredients**

Ginger has over 60 constituents, all of which are considered active compounds [12]. Alantolucton, inulin and certain essential oils are key components found in this plant root [12]. The powdered rhizome is made up of 9% protein, 3–8% crude fiber, 3–6% fatty oil, 60–70% carbohydrates, 9–12% water, roughly 8% ash and 2–3% volatile oil [13]. Gingerols, Ingenol, gingerdiols, zingerone, paradols, and shogaol are just a few of the therapeutic substances found in ginger. Gingerols are the most important of these chemicals because of their active pharmacological characteristics. Gingerols and shogaol are chemically composed of 6-, 8- and 10-structural analogs (**Figure 1**) [15].
