**2.4** *Ectropothecium falciforme* **Dozy and Molk**

*E. falciforme* was found in the base of the tree substrate. Other substrates commonly grown by *E. falciforme* are rock, tree roots, and leaf epiphytes and the habitat for growing is usually in a slightly open environment [4]. Lives creeping on the substrate and side by side with other mosses when found in the field. Individual length when measured reaches 9 mm. Rhizoid when observed like a thread firmly attached to the substrate. The observed stems spread on the substrate according to research sources that the stems spread on the substrate and are covered with leaves [3]. The length of

*Bryophyta around Syamsudin Noor International Airport, South Kalimantan, Indonesia DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.109265*

the stem reaches 7.5 cm, the branches are slightly pinnate and narrow at the ends, are regular, and look dense because the arrangement of the leaves overlaps each other [4]. The leaves when measured have a length of up to 0.6 mm. The length of the leaves can reach 1 mm [4]. The leaves are light green, lanceolate in shape, flat edges, and pointed ends. The leaves are yellowish green, shiny, the leaves are round lanceolate, the edges of the leaf tips are jagged [4]. The leaves are small and have a pointed tip [3]. Leaf cell shape when observed like smooth muscle and leaf cell length reaches 3 m (**Figure 4**).

### **Figure 4.** Ectropothecium falciforme: *A. Tree substrate, B. Colonies, C. Individual mosses, D. Leaf anatomy, E. Spores.*

Gametophyte and sporophyte phases are found in this moss. The sporophyte structure consists of seta at the time of measurement which is 11 mm long and brown in color. The seta are brown and have a capsule at the end of the seta [3]. The capsules when measured were 0.9 mm long and brown in color. Calyptra on *E. falciforme* observations were not seen. The shape of the spores when observed is spherical and 1.4 m in diameter. The environmental parameters of *E. falciforme* consisted of air temperature of 34.1°C, humidity 79%, light intensity 20 lux, and pH 7. The results from both locations were still in a good growth range for mosses. Distribution in Indonesia is in Sumatra, Java, Lombok, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi [4].
