**3. Inflammation to autoinflammation and epithelial barrier dysfunction: a brief look into the developmental stage**

The most challenging aspect in immunological diseases such as autoinflammatory and autoimmunity diseases is to identify the early events that trigger immune dysregulation [18]. Autoinflammatory and autoimmunity are closely correlated and are sometimes confused by mistake. Although there are similarities and perhaps a continuum between them, but they nevertheless do not refer to the same thing. The biggest distinction line that can be drawn between autoinflammatory and autoimmune disease is that the autoinflammatory diseases is that autoinflammatory was referred to the dysregulations related to adaptive immunity while autoimmunity was defined due to the dysregulation in innate immunity [9, 19]. This definition is not entirely accurate and a little bit outdated as we will preview in this section how the innate and adaptive immunity are involved in both autoinflammation and autoimmunity and what are the links between them. The pathological nature of the two process that are self-destructive and systematic that include monogenic and polygenic diseases [20]. A chronic activation of the immune system happens in both processes that lead to tissue inflammation or damage.

### **3.1 The role of innate and adaptive immunity**

Immunologic defenses in vertebrates consist of two immunologic subsystems innate and adaptive immunities. Innate is the natural immunity by birth while the adaptive immunity is the acquired immunity [21].
